Pressure Converter
Convert between different pressure units including Pascal, bar, atmosphere, psi, torr, and more. Pressure is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area and is commonly used in meteorology, engineering, and many scientific applications.
Note: The SI unit for pressure is the Pascal (Pa), which is equal to one newton per square meter (N/m²). Many other pressure units are still commonly used in various fields, such as bar in meteorology, psi in engineering, and mmHg in medicine.
Conversion Formula:
1 Pascal = 0.00001 Bar
Common Pressure Conversions
1 Bar = 100,000 Pascal
1 Atmosphere = 101,325 Pascal
1 psi = 6,894.76 Pascal
1 mmHg = 133.322 Pascal
1 Bar = 14.5038 psi
1 Atmosphere = 760 mmHg
Pressure Units Comparison
| Unit | Symbol | Equivalent in Pascal (Pa) | Common Usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pascal | Pa | 1 Pa | SI unit, scientific applications |
| Kilopascal | kPa | 1,000 Pa | Engineering, meteorology |
| Bar | bar | 100,000 Pa | Meteorology, industrial applications |
| Atmosphere | atm | 101,325 Pa | Standard atmospheric pressure at sea level |
| Pound per square inch | psi | 6,894.76 Pa | US/UK engineering, tire pressure |
| Torr | Torr | 133.322 Pa | Vacuum technology |
| Millimeter of mercury | mmHg | 133.322 Pa | Medical (blood pressure) |
Pressure in Real-World Applications
- Meteorology: Atmospheric pressure is typically measured in hectopascals (hPa) or millibars (mbar) for weather forecasting.
- Medicine: Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg), with a normal reading around 120/80 mmHg.
- Automotive: Tire pressure is commonly measured in psi or bar, with typical car tires requiring 30-35 psi (2.0-2.4 bar).
- Scuba Diving: Water pressure increases by approximately 1 atmosphere (101,325 Pa) for every 10 meters of depth.
- Industrial Processes: Many manufacturing processes require precise pressure control, often measured in bar or kPa.
- Aviation: Aircraft cabin pressure is typically maintained at an equivalent of 6,000-8,000 feet (0.8-0.75 atm) above sea level.
- Vacuum Technology: Low pressures in vacuum systems are often measured in torr, with high vacuum ranging from 10⁻³ to 10⁻⁹ torr.
Common Pressure Ranges
| Scenario | Typical Pressure | In Pascal (Pa) |
|---|---|---|
| Perfect vacuum (theoretical) | 0 Pa | 0 Pa |
| Space (Low Earth Orbit) | ~10⁻⁷ Pa | 0.0000001 Pa |
| Ultra-high vacuum laboratory | 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻⁹ Pa | 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻⁹ Pa |
| Mount Everest summit | ~33,000 Pa (0.33 atm) | 33,000 Pa |
| Standard atmospheric pressure at sea level | 1 atm / 101,325 Pa | 101,325 Pa |
| Car tire pressure | 30-35 psi | ~207,000-241,000 Pa |
| Bicycle tire pressure | 80-130 psi | ~552,000-896,000 Pa |
| Hydraulic systems | 1,000-5,000 psi | ~6.9-34.5 MPa |
| Deepest ocean (Mariana Trench) | ~1,086 bar | ~108.6 MPa |